Australian Fires 2019–2020: Tropospheric and Stratospheric Pollution Throughout the Whole Fire Season

نویسندگان

چکیده

The historically large and severe wildfires in Australia from September 2019 to March 2020 are known have injected a smoke plume into the stratosphere around New Year, due pyro-cumulonimbus (pyro-Cb) activity, that was subsequently distributed throughout Southern Hemisphere (SH). We show with satellite, ground based remote sensing, situ observations fires before had already substantial impact on SH atmosphere, starting as early 2019, subsequent long-range transport of trace gas plumes upper-troposphere. Airborne measurements above Argentina November elevated CO mixing ratios at an altitude 11 km can be traced back using FLEXPART trajectories Australian mid-November 2019. Ground solar-FTS (Fourier Transform Spectroscopy) biomass burning tracers CO, HCN C 2 H 6 Lauder, South Island, Zealand enhanced tropospheric columns In MLS averaged over 30°–60°S, compared previous years become visible late October only below 147 hPa pressure level. Peak differences found satellite ground-based for all levels January. With still increased aerosol values following Ulawun eruption no clear stratospheric upper-tropospheric enhancements fires, pyro-Cb events end December However, enhancement fire tracers, we suggest period (prior major events) should taken account terms pollutant emissions when studying atmosphere.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Environmental Science

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2296-665X']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.652024